RWANDA:ABAMI B'URWANDA

BY Rose-Marie Mukarutabana

By Abanyarwanda Rwandans in BANYARWANDA TWINEGURE 

Kera Urwanda rwagiraga Abanyabwenge bitwa Abacurabwenge, bakaba ari bo bamenyaga ibisekuruza by'Abami n'Abagabekazi. Abashakashatsi b'Abazungu, nka ba Padri André Pagès (1933) n'abandi, bagiye bandika amwe muri ayo mazina, ariko bakandika ibyo bakuye muri Rubanda, bituzuye, kandi bidakurikiranya ayo mazina neza. Padri Alexis Kagame ni we waje kumenya ko haba abagenewe uwo murimo. Arabegera, bamubwira Ibisekuruza by'Abami n'Abagabekazi. Arabyandika, aza kubisohora mu gitabo Inganji Kalinga, mu gice yise "Ubucurabwenge".

Ubundi ariko, ijambo "ubucurabwenge" si ukuvuga iryo rondora ry'ayo mazina gusa. Ahubwo ni ubumenyi bw'icyo ayo mazina agenda yerekana, uko Urwanda - ari yo si yose nyine - rwavutse, rugakura, rugaca ubwenge, rurerwa n'Abami. Abacurabwenge batubwira ko Abami ba mbere na mbere bakomokaga mw'ijuru. Bavuka kuri Sabizeze, mwene Nkuba, "Umwami wo Hejuru". Sabizeze rero yari yavutse mu gicuba, nyina yabuganijemo amata, akagishyiramo umutima w'imana yeze (reba Inkuru ya Kigwa). Amaze gukura, yumva nyina Gasani avuga uko kuntu yavutse, biramurakaza, arivumbura, ati sinduraramo. Nibwo rero amanutse kw'isi. Ni n'aho izina rya "Kigwa" ryaturutse.

Kigwa amanuka mw'ijuru, aza kw'isi, yururukiye ahitwa ku Rutare rwa Kinani, mu Mubari. Akaba yaramanukanye na Mukuru we Mututsi, na Mushiki wabo Nyampinga. Ahasanga abo bita Abasangwabutaka, arabahaka, nabo baramuyoboka. Bigezeho arashaka, abyara Muntu, Se w'Abantu bose bo kw'isi.

Abo Bami baturutse mwijuru bitwa Ibimanuka. Bibera aho, ibihe birahita, ibindi birataha. Kera kabaye, bene Muntu bamaze gucura ubwenge, Ibimanuka birataha, bisubira mw'ijuru, Urwanda bisiga biruraze GIHANGA cya Kazi. Bene Giihanga rero ni bo bitwa Abami b'Umushumi.

Se wa Gihanga, Kazi, yari Ikimanuka, ariko yari yarashatse Nyirarukangaga rwa Nyamigezi ya Kabeja, umwami w'Abazigaba, bakaba Abasangwabutaka. Murumva rero ko Gihanga yari "ikivange" cy'abaturutse mw'ijuru n'abakuriye kw'isi. Abami b'Umushumi nabo bakazakurikirwa n'abitwa Abami b'Ibitekerezo. Ng'iyo inkomoko y'Abami b'Urwanda, kandi ni nayo y'Abantu bose.

Abami b'Urwanda

Ubucurabwenge bwigisha ko Urwanda rwimye Abami 43, kuva ku ngoma za mbere kugeza ku ya Mutara Rudahigwa, kuko Alexis Kagame yabwiwe Ubucurabwenge ku ngoma y'uwo mwami, aba ariwe aheraho. Ayo mazina yose yarondorwaga mu gihe cy'imihango yo kwimika umwami. Bavugaga amazina y'Umwami n'ay'Umugabekazi bamaze kwimika, bakarondora n'aya ba se na ba nyina, n'ibisekuruza byabo bombi, bagakomeza batyo ku bami bose, kuzageza kuri Nkuba, ari we Shyerezo, akaba inkomoko y'Abami b'Urwanda.

Ayo mazina murayasanga mu gice kiyarondora nk'uko Alexis Kagame yayanditse mu Nganji Kalinga (Amasekuruza y'Abami b'Urwanda). Hinga dufate ay'Abami n'Abagabekazi gusa, tutavuze ibisekururuza by' Abagabekazi, maze tuyakurikiranye, dukurikije bya bihembwe tumaze kuvuga: Abami b'Ibimanuka, Abami b'Umushumi, Abami b'Ibitekerezo.

IbimanukaDuhereye ku Nkomoko y'Abanyiginya, Shyerezo Nkuba, dore amazina Ibimanuka:

1. Syerezo Nkuba
2. Kigwa
3. Muntu
4. Kimanuka
5. Kijuru
6. Kobo
7. Merano
8. Randa
9. Gisa
10. Kizira
11. Kazi
12. Gihanga

Uyu mubare wa 12 tuwugeraho iyo tubabariyemo Shyerezo Gihanga. Ariko dushobora kutababariramo. Uti kuki? Nti kubera ko Shyerezo, n'ubwo ari we Se w'Abami bose, ni "Umwami wo Hejuru, kandi ntiyigeze amanuka, ngo abe yabarirwa muri ibyo Bimanuka. Gihanga na we akaba yari Ikimanuka ku bwa se, ariko nyina ari Umusangwabutakakazi, utari Ikimanuka. Wakuramo ayo mazina yombi rero, umubare w'Ibimanuka ukaba 10.

Ibi by'imibare ariko na none ni ibya kizungu. Iyo bavuga amazina mu kinyarwanda, bayavuga nyine nk'ibisekuruza, batya:

"Gihanga ni uwa Kazi ka Kizira cya Gisa cya Randa rya Merano ya Kobo ka Kijuru cya Kimanuka cya Muntu wa Kigwa cya Nkuba, ari we Shyerezo".

Iyo bageze aha, bongeraho iri jambo:"Ngaho iyo mwamaMukuru wa SamukondoMu mizi yanyu mikuru".

Ibi rero ni ibivugirwaga mu mihango y'Ubwimika, babwira Abami bati "Aho mw'ijuru kwa Shyerezo ni ho mukomoka, kandi ni yo mwama", kuko Abami bahorana n'Imana. Ni nako baramutswaga, ngo "Gahorane Imana, Nyagasani!"

Nimureba mu Nganji Kalinga, aho Kagame asobanura uko yabwiwe Ubucurabwenge, murasanga aho avuga ko bwamenywaga na benshi batari Abacurabwenge, nabo bakajya babuvuga. Kandi koko nta banga ryabagamo: ibi bisekuruza Abami babaga babisangiye n'abandi banyarwanda benshi bahuje ubwoko, kandi byabaga ari ibintu bigenewe Rubanda, bigangazwa ku Karubanda, Abami bamaze kwima, ngo igihugu cyose kibamenye amavo n'amavuko.

Hari n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga aya mazina, bije nk'uca umugani:

1. Inkomoko y'Abami n'Abantu ni Shyerezo
2. Shyerezo yabyaye Kigwa
3. Kigwa abyara Muntu
4. Muntu abyara Kimanuka
5. Kimanuka abyara Kijuru
6. Kijuru abyara Kobo
7. Kobo abyara Merano
8. Merano abyara Randa
9. Randa abyara Gisa
10. Gisa abyara Kizira
11. Kizira abyara Kazi
12. Kazi abyara Gihanga cyahanze inka n'ingoma

Imibare na none ni twe tuyiyongereyeho, kugira ngo twerekane uko bigenda biringanira, uko bivuzwe kwose.

AbagabekaziNta Bagabekazi kandi bavugwa ku ngoma z'Ibimanuka, usibye Nyina wa Kigwa, ari we Gasani, Umwamikazi wo mw'Ijuru, na Nyina wa Muntu, Nyampundu, ari na we mushiki wa Kigwa. Nta wundi bongera kuvuga, kugeza kuri Nyina wa Gihanga. Muntu yari afite mushiki we akurikira, Sukiranya, imfura ya Kigwa, waje kurongorwa na Sewabo Mututsi, babyarana Serwega na Mukono na Muha, ari bo Ibibanda bikomokaho. Ibibanda ni bwa bwoko bubyara Abagabekazi. Ibibanda biba bine: abo tuvuze batatu bakomoka ku Bimanuka - Abega, Abaha n'Abakono - ubwoko bwa kane bukaba ubwo mu Basangwabutaka. Abagabekazi ba mbere bavukaga mu miryango y'Abasangwabutaka, b'Abazigaba n'abandi Basinga. Mwibuke kandi ko Kagame yatubwiye ko Abazigaba, hamwe n'Abarenge, mbese n'abandi benshi mu Basangwabutaka, ari imiryango y'Abasinga.

• Nyirarukangaga nyina wa Gihanga yari umukobwa w'Abasinga b'Abazigaba bo mu Mazinga ya Mubari, Nyamigezi ya Kabeja.
• Nyina wa Kanyarwanda Gahima, mwene Gihanga, yari umukobwa wa Jeni rya Rurenge rwa Kabeja.
• Nyina wa Ruganzu Bwimba yari Umusingakazi
• Nyirarumaga, wa Mugabekazi wimanye ingoma na Ruganzu Ndori, yari Umusingakazi.

Ariko uwo ni we wabaye uwa nyuma: kuva kuri Ruganzu Ndori, Abasinga ntibongeye gusubira ku ngoma. Bashimbujwe Abagesera.

Abami b'UmushumiAbami b'Umushumi bakomoka kuri Gihanga. Se wa Gihanga, Kazi, yari Ikimanuka nk'uko twabivuze. Ubwo rero Gihanga yari "ikivange" cy'Ikimanuka kiva mw'ijuru, n'Umusangwabutakakazi.

Dore Abami b'Umushumi, n'Abagabekazi babo:

1. GIHANGA Ngomijana + Nyiragihanga Nyirarukangaga
2. Kanyarwanda Gahima + Nyirakanyarwanda Nyamususa
3. Yuhi Musindi + Nyirayuhi Nyamata
4. Rukuge + Nyirarukuge Nyirankindi
5. Nyarume + Nyiranyarume Nyirashyoza
6. Rumeza + Nyirarumeza Kirezi
7. Rubanda + Nyirarubanda Nkundwa
8. Ndahiro Ruyange + Nyirandahiro Cyizigira
9. Ndoba Samembe + Nyirandoba Monde
10. Nsoro Samukondo + Nyiransoro Magondo
11. Ruganzu Bwimba + Nyiraruganzu Nyakanga
12. Cyirima Rugwe + Nyiracyirima Nyakiyaga

Uku ariko si ko Kagame yabyanditse: n'ubwo atandukanya ibyo bice bitatu - Ibimanuka, Umushumi, Ibitekerezo - akavuga n'uko bihererekanya, aho yandikiye amazina yabo ntiyagiye ayatandukanya atyo, ahubwo yayashyize hamwe. Kandi hari n'ayo yagiye areka, akayakuramo, ngo n'iby'amarenga. Icyiza cye ariko ni uko atubwira aho Abacurabwenge bo bayashyiraga, akanatubwira n'igitumye ayakuyemo. Ubanza rero twayasubizamo yose, kuko mu by'ukuri ayo azina yose arimo amarenga. N'irya Gihanga ni amarenga, ashaka kutwumvisha ko ari we wahanze byose. Dukuyemo amazina afite icyo aduciraho amarenga, ngira ngo ntaryo twasiga.

Ikindi, turayavuga tuyashyize muri ibyo bice bitatu, dukurikije ibivugwa mu Bitekerezo no mu Migani, mu Bisigo no mu bindi bya Kinyarwanda. Tuzi twese ko Ibimanuka bitangirira kuri Kigwa mwene Shyerezo, bigaharagarira kuri Gihanga cya Kazi. Ubwo hakaba hatangiye Ab'Umushumi, kuzageza kuri Nsoro Samukondo n'umuhungu we Ruganzu Bwimba. Ab'Ibitekerezo rero bagatangirira kuri Cyirima Rugwe, ikimenyetso cyabo kikaba gukurikirana kwa kundi muzi, babisikana batya:

Cyirima - Kigeri - Mibambwe - Yuhi - Mutara - Kigeri - Mibambwe - Yuhi - Cyirima - Kigeri - Mibamwe - Yuhi - Cyirima - Kigeri -etc.

Ubwo buryo mu kizungu babwita "succession en spirales cycliques", ou "en cycles spiralés". Aho rero ntawakwibeshya. Icyakora Kagame yakuyemo amazina abiri, avuga ko yari ay'abami b'inzibacyuho (Karemera Rwaka) cg se bateemewe (Mibambwe Rutarindwa), ariko ibyo ntawabikurikiza: ibyo ari byo byose, babaye abami b'Urwanda, nta mpamvu yo kubakuramo. Dore amazina y'abo Bami:.

Abami b'Ibitekerezo1. Cyirima Rugwe + Nyiracyirima Nyakiyaga2. Kigeri Mukobanya + Nyirakigeri Nyankuge3. Mibambwe-Mutabazi Sekarongoro + Nyiramibambwe Nyabadaha4. Yuhi Gahima + Nyirayuhi Matama

Ndahiro Cyamatare + Nyirandahiro NyirangaboRuganzu Ndori + Nyiraruganzu Nyirarumaga

1. Mutara Semugeshi + Nyiramavugo Nyirakabogo2. Kigeri Nyamuheshera + Nyirakigeri Ncenderi3. Mibambwe-Mutabazi Gisanura + Nyiramibambwe Nyabuhoro4. Yuhi Mazimpaka + Nyirayuhi Nyamarembo

Karemera Rwaka + Nyirakaremera Rukoni

1. Cyirima Rujugira + Nyiracyirima Kirongoro2. Kigeri Ndabarasa + Nyirakigeri Rwesero3. Mibambwe Sentabyo + Nyiramibambwe Nyiratamba4. Yuhi Gahindiro + Nyirayuhi Nyiratunga

1. Mutara Rwogera + Nyiramavugo Nyiramongi2. Kigeri Rwabugiri + Nyirakigeli Murorunkwere3. Mibambwe Rutarindwa + Nyiramibwambwe Kanjogera4. Yuhi Musinga + Nyirayuhi Kanjogera

1. Mutara Rudahigwa + Nyiramavugo Kankazi2. Kigeri Ndahindurwa + Nyirakigeri Mukashema

Murebye mu Nganji Kalinga, cyangwa se no mu bindi bitabo bya Padri Kagame, muzasanga avuga ko Umugabekazi nyina wa Ruganzu Ndori ari Nyiraruganzu Nyabacuzi. Uwo koko yari nyina wamubyaye mu nda (ku by'umubiri). Ariko tuzi ko Ndori yimye nyina yarapfuye: yaguye muri ya ntambara y'Abashi, ha handi Mu Miko y'Abakobwa, ajyana n'abandi Bamikazi, n'abagore n'abakobwa bose bari kumwe. Kubera rero ko Nyabacuzi atiyimye ingoma, ntitwavuga ko ari we Mugabekazi wa Ruganzu Ndori. Iyo Umwami yimaga atagifite nyina, bamushakiraga undi mugore w'iwabo wa nyina, kuko nyine ari uwo muryango wabaga uramukiwe ingoma, akaba ari we umubera umubyeyi, akaba Umugabekazi w'Urwanda. Ibisekuruza by'uwo Mugabekazi rero byabaga ari bimwe n'iby'uwabyaye Umwami mu nda.

Icyakora Ruganzu bavuga ko ari we wihitiyemo nyina, kandi atari no mu bwoko buramukiwe, kuko yari Umusingakazi, kandi icyo gihe ingoma yari iy'Abakono. Yihitiramo Nyirarumaga, umukobwa w'Abasinga, kandi bari baraciwe ku ngoma na Ruganzu wa mbere, Bwimba, kubera ubugome bari bagize kuri iyo ngoma. Ruganzu Ndori ibyo ntiyabikurikiza, ahitamo uwo Musingakazi Nyirarumaga, kubera akamaro yari yamugiriye, amuhisha abanzi, akanamucisha muri wa Mwobo w'Inyaga, akazatunguka i Rwanda. Ibyo tuzabivuga mu magambo arambuye nitugera ku gitekerezo cya Ruganzu Ndori. Ng'iyo imhavu umuntu atashyiraho iryo zina rya Nyabacuzi.

Nyamara ntitwahita tubyemeza, kuko hari icyo tutazi: ese iyo Umwami yimanaga n'umugore utari nyina, bamwtiriraga uwo agiriye mu cyimbo, izina rye bwite akarireka, mbese n'ubwoko? Nihagira ubiturusha yazatubwira. Ibyo ari byo byose, uwo Mugabekazi yagize akamaro cyane, aba Umubyeyi w'Urwanda, aba n'Umwigisa mukuru warwo. Mu nkuru ye (reba mu gitekerezo cya Ruganzu), tuzakoresha izina rye, kuko ari ko bivugwa nyine. Nihagira utubwira ko mu Masekuruza izina rigomba kuvugwa ari Nyabacuzi, tuzabihindura.

Ikindi twahindura ku byo Padri Kagame yanditse, ni kwa guha Abami inomero, nka Kigeri Mukobanya akamwita Kigeri II, Yuhi Musinga akaba Yuhi IV, bityo bityo. Ibi rero ntibiri mu byo Abacurabwenge bamubwiye, ntiyanabyanditse mu Masekuruza y'Abami. Ni we wabyishyiriyeho, abona ko bifite akamaro mu gutandukanya Abami bitiranwa. Ariko ubanza atari ngombwa, kuko buri mwami aba afite izina rye bwite, bita izina ry'ubututsi, rimutandukanya n'abandi bami basangiye iry'ubwami. Izo numero ahari uwashaka yazireka.

Ngayo amazina y'Abami n'Abagabekazi b'Urwanda. Nihagira ufite igitekerezo yatwungura, azatubwire, dukosore ibi cyangwa se tubyongere.