by Keith Harmon Snow
From the 1980s to today, an elite group of Western intelligence
operatives have backed low-intensity guerrilla warfare in certain
African 'hotspots'. Mass atrocities in the Great Lakes and Sudan can be
linked to Roger Winter, a pivotal U.S. operative whose 'team' was
recently applauded for birthing the world's newest nation, South Sudan.
Behind the fairytale we find a long trail of blood and skeletons from
Uganda to Sudan, Rwanda and Congo.
Low-Intensity Warfare in Africa: The "Policy Wonks" Behind Covert War & Humanitarian Facism
by Keith Harmon Snow
Originally published at Conscious Being Alliance, where you can find more original photography and video we haven't had time to add, but may put here later this week.
While
the mass media has covered the tracks, misplaced moralism has
simultaneously helped birth a new left-liberal 'humanitarian' fascism.
In this falsification of consciousness, Western human rights crusaders
and organizations, funded by governments, multinational corporations and
private donors, cheer the killers and blame the victims---and pat
themselves on the back for saving Africa from itself. Meanwhile, the
"Arab Spring" has spread to (north) Sudan. Following the NATO-Israeli
model of regime change being used in Central & North Africa, it
won't be long before the fall of Khartoum.
It is, oh! such a happy fairy tale! It begins as all happy fairy tales do, in fantasy land. The fantasy is one of human rights princes and policy 'wonks' in shining armor and
the new kingdom of peace and tranquility, democracy and human rights,
that they have created. That is what the United States foreign policy
establishment and the corporate mass media---and not a few so-called
'human rights activists'---would have us believe about the genesis of
the world's newest nation, South Sudan.
In the mid-1980s, a small band of policy wonks began convening for lunch in the back corner of a dimly lit Italian bistro in the U.S. capital," wrote Rebecca Hamilton in the recent fairytale: "The Wonks Who Sold Washington on South Sudan." Hamilton is a budding think-tank activist-advocate-agent whose whitewash of the low intensity war for Sudan (and some Western architects of it), distilled from her book Fighting for Darfur, was splashed all over the Western press on 11 July 2012. [1]
In the mid-1980s, a small band of policy wonks began convening for lunch in the back corner of a dimly lit Italian bistro in the U.S. capital," wrote Rebecca Hamilton in the recent fairytale: "The Wonks Who Sold Washington on South Sudan." Hamilton is a budding think-tank activist-advocate-agent whose whitewash of the low intensity war for Sudan (and some Western architects of it), distilled from her book Fighting for Darfur, was splashed all over the Western press on 11 July 2012. [1]
The photos
accompanying Hamilton's story show a happy fraternity of 'wonks'---what
exactly is a 'wonk'?---obviously being your usual down-jacket, beer- and
coffee-slurping American citizens from white America, with a token
black man thrown in to change the complexion of this Africa story.
Their cups are white and clean, their cars are shiny and new, their
convivial smiles are almost convincing. There is even a flag of the new
country just sort of floating across Eric Reeves' hip.
Because of Dr. Reeves' 'anti-genocide' work in Sudan, Boston College professor Alan Wolfe has written that
the Smith College English professor is "arrogant to the point of
contempt." (I have had a similar though much more personal experience
of Dr. Reeves' petulance.)
"John Prendergast (L-R), Eric Reeves, Brian D'Silva, Ted Dagne and Roger Miller [sic]---pose for a photograph in this undated image provided to Reuters by John Prendergast," reads the original Reuters syndicated
news caption for the posed image of the Council of Wonks. (U.S.
intelligence & defense operative Roger Winter is misidentified as
"Roger Miller".)
The story and its
photos project the image of casual, ordinary people who, we are led to
believe, did heroic and superhuman things. What a bunch of
happy-go-lucky wonks! Excuse me: policy wonks! And their bellies are presumably warmed by that fresh Starbucks 'fair trade' genocide coffee shipped straight from the killing fields of post-genocide [sic] Rwanda... where, coincidentally, Starbucks reportedly cut a profit of more than a few million dollars in 2011.
This is a tale of dark knights, of covert operators and spies aligned with the cult of intelligence in the United States. Operating
in secrecy and denial within the U.S. intelligence and defense
establishment, they have helped engineer more than two decades of low
intensity warfare in Sudan (alone), replete with massive suffering and a
death toll of between 1.5 and 3 million Sudanese casualties---using
their own fluctuating statistics on mortality---and millions upon
millions of casualties in the Great Lakes of Africa.
Behind the fantasy
is a very real tale of war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocides
real and alleged, and mass atrocities covered up by these National
Security agents with the aid of a not-so-ordinary English
professor---their one-man Ministry of Disinformation---Dr. Eric Reeves.
"After ordering
beers, they would get down to business: how to win independence for
southern Sudan, a war-torn place most American politicians had never
heard of." Rebecca Hamilton thickened the plot, delving deeper into the
intrigue and the extra-ordinariness of this happy Council of Wonks. "They
called themselves the Council and gave each other clannish nicknames:
the Emperor, the Deputy Emperor, the Spear Carrier. The unlikely
fellowship included an Ethiopian refugee to America, an English-lit
professor and a former Carter administration official who once sported a
ponytail."
How quaint! How
absolutely Clark Kent! From the photo, I immediately recognized three
of the five Council of Wonks members posed casually next to a car in
some nondescript parking lot somewhere in America. There is John
Prendergast, Eric Reeves, Brian D'Silva, Ted Dagne and... Roger Winter.
(Not 'Roger Miller': the massiveReuters syndicate can't even get the wonk's name right.)
"The Council is
little known in Washington or in Africa itself." Rebecca Hamilton
deepened the intrigue. "But its quiet cajoling over nearly three
decades helped South Sudan win its independence one year ago this week.
Across successive U.S. administrations, they smoothed the path of
southern Sudanese rebels in Washington, influenced legislation in
Congress, and used their positions to shape foreign policy in favor of
Sudan's southern rebels, often with scant regard for U.S. government
protocol."
Smoothed the path of the Sudanese rebels? That's an understatement. That's not all they did.
Faustin
Twagiramungu, former Prime Minister under Paul Kagame's Rwandan
Patriotic Front government (1994-1995), speaks on U.S. intelligence
operative Roger Winter:
Wonks? What is a wonk anyway? Sounds excessively benign. Even charming. Not being an English professor-cum-genocide-savior or a national security operative or
a gun-running covert intelligence asset myself, I looked the word up in
my American Heritage dictionary, but it doesn't exist in my
(apparently) antiquated copy. Seems the word 'wonk' is about as new as
the country of South Sudan.
wonk/wäNGk/ Noun
|
Synonyms: bookworm, dink [slang], dork [slang], geek, grind, swot [British], weenie, nerd
"Look at the names
mentioned by the story," says Dr. Jean-Marie Vianney Higiro, one of
many former Rwandan government officials who continues to be harassed by
the regime of president Paul Kagame in Rwanda and watched by U.S.
Homeland Security. "All of them have a good cover. They move from one
job to another easily. The story suggests they are somehow unrelated to
the U.S. government even though their employer is the U.S. Government."
What does this
Roger Winter know about the Rwandan rebel 'Zero Network' and alleged CIA
involvement in shooting down the presidential plane on April 6,
1994---assassinating the presidents of Rwanda and Burundi, their top
aides and the French crew? Was Roger Winter involved in the October 23,
1993 assassination of Burundi's Hutu president Melchior Ndadaye?
"It is also known
that Roger Winter, an influential American politician, was present at
Paul Kagame's headquarters at Mulindi [Rwanda] a few days before the
offensive launched in the night of April 6-7, 1994," reported Bernard
Lugan, a prominent French historian and the editor of the online
journal L'Afrique Réelle.
"Whoever shot down
the plane, the killing began within hours, as Kagame and his Tutsi army
fought their way toward Kigali to stop the genocide they had helped
provoke," wrote U.S. scholar-diplomat Stephen Weissman in 2004. While
selling the establishment mythology where Kagame 'stopped the
genocide'---which the RPF actually provoked and supported---Weissman
also elaborates a very serious point. "Traveling with them, by his own
account, was at least one American---the refugee's [Paul Kagame's]
friend Roger Winter. Should Congress ever investigate America's role in
the Rwandan holocaust, Mr. Winter would be a star witness." [2]
"Roger Winter was
the chief logistics boss for [RPF] Tutsis until their victory in 1994,"
said Ugandan dignitary Remigius Kintu, "and he was operating from 1717
Massachusetts Avenue NW in Washington D.C. This was the nerve center of
the operations against Rwanda."
Ugandan dignitary Remigius Kintu speaks on U.S. intelligence operative Roger Winter:
Storyteller Rebecca Hamilton set out to save Sudan from itself duringher "Save Darfur" days at Harvard University, circa 2004, where she organized the campaign to divest Harvard from corporations doing business with Khartoum.
Storyteller Rebecca Hamilton set out to save Sudan from itself duringher "Save Darfur" days at Harvard University, circa 2004, where she organized the campaign to divest Harvard from corporations doing business with Khartoum.
Since then, doors have opened for Rebecca Hamilton everywhere she goes---though she was once detained in Khartoum. Surprised to be suspect as a 'journalist', Hamilton later chronicled her six-hour ordeal in the Atlantic Monthly,
where she positioned herself as an innocent journalist detained by the
Government of Sudan's "dreaded internal security agency". With her cell
phone on mute she texted her husband to "contact [my] employer in
Washington"---but she didn't tell us who that employer in Washington
is.
A "special correspondent for the Washington Post in Sudan," Rebecca Hamilton is also supported by the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting and
the New America Foundation. These institutions serve and advance the
ever expanding Anglo-American Zionist Empire---multinational
corporations and investment banks and currency speculators like Soros
and the German Jewish firm Warburg Pincus. [3] These
entities have deep ties to establishment news corporations and their
use of qualifiers like 'Pulitzer'---perceived to be synonymous with
truth and integrity in investigative reporting---only serve to blind the
'news' consuming masses to these institutions' hidden agendas. They
are also deeply tied to powerful Christian and Jewish interests, and
lobbies.
The New America Foundation is
funded by all the big foundations (Ford, MacArthur, Pew, Bill &
Melinda Gates, Rockefeller, Carnegie, Open Society) and the U.S.
Department of State donates hundreds of thousands of dollars (in the
$299,000 to $999,999 category) annually. Members of their 'Leadership
Council' and 'National Security Advisory Council' include the prominent
Council on Foreign Relations member Fareed Zakaria. An editor-at-large
at Time, aWashington Post columnist and the host of CNN's foreign-affairs show, Zakaria is also director of The Aspen Institute. [4] Zakaria was a columnist for Newsweek and editor of Newsweek International from 2000 to 2010. On August 10, 2012, Zakaria was suspended from several media positions for plagurism.
Back in 2008, the New American Foundation funded another major agitprop piece on Roger Winter by Eliza Griswold in the New York Times Magazine. Another sanitized story, a bit more honest though, "The Man for a New Sudan"
makes it clear that Roger Winter effectively served as a military
commander for the SPLM in Sudan. Like Rebecca Hamilton's wonk fare, it
is a story of a white knight in shining armor fighting his way to
martyrdom, hand and foot, suffering and sandstorms, rag-tag rebels and
roughshod rebellion, against the evil and superior Khartoum government. [5]
What western
'news' consumers fail to understand is that these left-liberal
institutions hone and tune the 'news' that appears in venues across the
political spectrum. 'News' stories like "The Wonks Who Sold Washington
on South Sudan" are produced with the understanding that they will:
[a] serve corporate interests;
[b] advance themes of democracy and freedom;
[c] shield western power brokers from criticism and scrutiny;
[d] whitewash western war crimes;
[e] demonize anyone perceived to be hostile to the western economic and financial systems; and
[f] support economic, political and/or military warfare all over the world.
These hegemonic
objectives are achieved by overt and covert means, including:
conventional warfare; intelligence operations; low intensity warfare;
psychological operations or Psy-Ops; assassinations; coup d'etats; subversion; 'democracy promotion'; election-rigging; and other illegal tax-payer funded foreign interventions.
Clean-cut American
'media' personalities and 'journalists' like Rebecca Hamilton and Eliza
Griswold and Nicholas Kristof are used to manufacture domestic
consent---to inculcate ignorance, apathy, confusion, complacency and
patriotism---in the English-language (U.S., Canadian, European,
Australian) infotainment consuming masses. They are also used to make
us more ethnocentric. This is primarily achieved through emotionally
potent oversimplifications: facts don't matter.
The propaganda techniques used by these mainstays of American Freedom [sic] are
no more or less manipulative and sinister than those we associate with
Russia or China or the so-called 'Axis of Evil' states (Cuba, Iran,
Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen). Like the bloodied
victims (whether foreign civilians or U.S. troops), tortures, massacres
and other war crimes and crimes against humanity are whited-out from the
pages and screens of Western 'news' venues, leaving us with sanitized
fantasy tales reinforcing our own sense of truth and justice, and the
inherent goodness we all want to believe in.
"The lives of
countless men, women and children depend on the truth," says war
correspondent John Pilger in his documentary film The War You Don't See.
Like the non-coverage of the ongoing western-backed terrorism in
Burundi, Congo, Ethiopia, Rwanda, Somalia and Uganda, "The Wonks Who
Sold Washington on South Sudan" is a propaganda piece covering up the
war we didn't see---and the war we don't see---in Sudan. The strategy
to fracture and divide Sudan is similar to the strategy at work in the
Congo, and it echoes the RPF's strategy of 'fight and talk' used to
achieve regime change in Rwanda, 1990 to 1994.
In the low
intensity wars waged against Sudan (1989-2006), Uganda (1980-1985),
Rwanda (1990-1994) and Congo-Zaire (1996-1997), it was not enough to try
to destroy the organized military forces of the legitimate governments
in power; a movement or group responsive to U.S. interests had to be
created, legitimated, and presented to the target (domestic) populations
as viable alternatives to the governments to be overthrown or
replaced. For such purposes the U.S. and its allies (primarily U.K. and
Israel) sponsored the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM), the
National Resistance Movement (NRM), Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and
the Alliance for the Democratic Liberation of Congo-Zaire (ADFL). [6] (Such terrorism has also occurred in northern Uganda---where Museveni's soldiers targeted the Acholi people.)
These
propaganda stories and the institutions that manufacture them also
whiteout all Israeli ties to the carnage. Israel routinely advised and
trained the security forces of the Mobutu regime in Zaire and the Hissen
Habre regime in Chad and they backed both Idi Amin and Museveni in
their guerrilla wars. Israeli MOSSAD agent David Kimche worked
alongside Roger Winter to aide the RPF victory in Rwanda. Israeli
commanders were spotted on the battlefields of eastern Congo-Zaire and
the Israeli firm Silver Shadow reportedly armed the Ugandan People's
Defense Forces in their alliance with the Congolese warlord Jean Pierre
Bemba and his ruthless Movement for the Liberation of Congo. [7]
Israel backed the
SPLM with defense and intelligence cooperation for decades. Israel
backed the 'rebels' in Darfur, both the Sudan Liberation Army---an
extension of the SPLM---and, more significantly, the so-called Justice and Equality Movement.
Tanks and artillery equipment were off-loaded at the U.S. military port
of Mombasa, Kenya, and driven across Kenya and South Sudan. [8]
Israel's support for the new South Sudan is no longer covert. In April 2012, just before the full-scale SPLA offensive in the disputed Heglig border region, Israeli and South Sudanese newspapers reported
that Israeli aircraft have been delivering military hardware and
mercenaries (from other African countries) in South Sudan to fight
against the Khartoum government. South Sudanese soon after shot down a
Sudanese MiG-29 fighter jet: the SPLA claimed that Khartoum "didn't know
we have that capacity." [9]
In December 2011,
Salva Kiir, South Sudan's new warlord president, chose Israel for one of
his first official visits. In November 2011 Prime Minister Benjamin
Netanyahu hosted the leaders of Uganda and Kenya. During his December
visit, Kiir held meetings with President Shimon Peres, Benjamin
Netanyahu and Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman. These are the same
players backing the Dan Gertler companies behind
the dictatorship of Hyppolite Kanambe (alias Joseph Kabila) and the
Western-backed plunder and depopulation in the Congo. [10]
On July 23, 2012,
in return for decades of covert Israeli support for the SPLA's
low-intensity war, the SPLA regime running the new South Sudan signed
over Sudan's water rights and "infrastructure development" to Israel. The deals were sealed by Israeli government and agents for Israeli Military Industries (IMI)---an aerospace and defense contractor fully owned by the Israeli government, and a prime U.S. military supplier.
Meanwhile, the
United States has routinely deployed covert forces in the Great Lakes,
Chad, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Mali, Niger---all over the place. In
October, 2011, president Barack Obama announced that the Pentagon was
sending "100 armed advisers" to Uganda. An insult to the people's
intelligence, these are not "armed advisers"---they are U.S. Special
Forces. But U.S. forces are all over the region, from Camp Hurso in Ethiopia and Camp Lemonnier in DJibouti to
the new AFRICOM base in Kisangani, Congo. Evidence of the Special
Forces is obliterated by most news agencies. If and when the presence
of the U.S. military is revealed, it is casually noted, downplaying
their presence, as if it were routine.
For example, the Pentagon's special "conservationist" J. Michael Fay dropped a bombshell in disguise in the story "Ivory Wars: Last Stand in Zakouma" in the March 2007 print issue of National Geographic.
Ostensibly about elephants in Zakouma National Park in Chad, the story
is more imperialist anti-Islamic propaganda related to the Arab militias
on horses, hailing out of Darfur, known as Janjaweed. "I saw a large
helicopter to the southeast." Fay builds the drama for the reader. "It
made straight for our truck. We could run, but we couldn't hide. It
was a Russian-made Mi-17 with a missile launcher, the same type that had
mistakenly fired the day before on a column of Chadian and American
soldiers north of the park." [10-a]
Looking at the
map, north of the park could be Chad or Sudan. What is a column of
American soldiers doing in Chad? Or is it Darfur? Well, obviously! They are saving elephants!
A few days later,
Fay reports "[a] pair of French military Mirage fighter jets running
sorties toward Sudan (more than a thousand rebels were retreating there)
buzzed the Tinga, spooking a herd of elephants I was watching at the
pool." Oh, and, by the way, "Marc Wall, the U.S. Ambassador to Chad,
just happened to be visiting the park." [10-a]
The article
reveals all without revealing anything. The presence of French fighter
jets, American soldiers, the U.S. Ambassador---who is out for a
"safari"---provide proof of highly organized military campaigns that are
rendered invisible by the propaganda system.
"Nationhood
has many midwives," reads the long caption appearing with many of the
Council of Wonks story photos. But if the Council of Wonks are the
'midwives' of South Sudan's birthing process, their result has been a
bloody abortion and a grotesquely deformed progeny whose 'leaders' are
promoting ethnic hatred and selling the place off to the highest bidder.
Tirelessly and furiously pumping out disinformation,day in and day out, year in and year out, for several decades now, the happy cabal of Washington wonks has
paved the public mind with hysterical accounts of Arab and Islamic
terrorism and African tribalism. They have blinded U.S. taxpayers to
the unholy truth that our tax dollars have been used to covertly fund,
arm, supply and re-supply at least four massive guerrilla insurgencies
that have shattered five sovereign countries, terrorized scores of
millions of people, and drenched Sudan and the Great Lakes in blood and
skeletons.
"Everybody
is working to protect the Sudan People's Liberation Movement [SPLM],
but the truth is the SPLM is doing all of these terrible things every
day," says Luke Chuol, a South Sudanese human rights defender based in
Canada. "These people from the U.S. and U.N., all they care about is to
give the SPLA money and weapons." [11]
When
South Sudan became the world's newest nation on 9 July 2011, the
SPLA---the armed wing of the SPLM---became South Sudan's national
army. Mr. Chuol, a member of the South Sudan's Nuer tribe, has called
on the International Criminal Court (ICC) to investigate crimes against humanity committed
in South Sudan in May 2011 by the Sudan People's Liberation Army
(SPLA). The Nuer community alleges that the specific and systematic
attacks against the Nuer people constitute ethnic cleansing by the SPLA.
Roger Winter & John Garang: Judging the youth of Sudan People's Liberation Army leader John Garang (L) and Roger Winter (R), this photo is probably circa 1985 (Winter would have been 42 years old). Garang was trained at Ft. Benning, GA, home to the notorious School of the Americas (from 1984).
Caption created by Reuters: John Garang (L) shakes hands with Roger Winter, now an honorary adviser to the South Sudan government and one of the Council's original members, in this undated image taken in Sudan and provided to Reuters by Roger Winter. Nationhood has many midwives. South Sudan is primarily the creation of its own people. It was southern Sudanese leaders who fought for autonomy, and more than two million southern Sudanese who paid for that freedom with their lives. U.S. President George W. Bush, who set out to end Africa's Longest-running civil war, also played a big role, as did modern-day abolitionists, religious groups, human rights organizations and members of the U.S. Congress. But the most persistent outside force in the creation of the world's newest state was the Council, a tightly knit group never numbering more than seven people, which in the era before email, began gathering regularly at Otello, a restaurant near Washington's DuPont Circle."
In January 2011,
the SPLA and governor Kuol Manyang Juuk of South Sudan's Jonglei state
diverted 1000 guns meant for graduating police and delivered them to
Murle tribesmen so that the Murle could fight their rival the Lou Nuer
community. SPLA Commander-in-Chief General Salva Kiir---the first
president of the newly independent [sic]South
Sudan---was reportedly aware of the diversion of weapons. Following
the SPLA's redistribution of weapons last July, massive ethnic violence
in Jonglei state has created perhaps as many as 100,000 internally
displaced people (IDPs), with ongoing clashes in the spring of 2012.
"The
SPLA is looting everywhere," says Mr. Chuol, accusing the SPLA of
behaving like an army of occupation and terror. "They are taking
everything for themselves, acting like they are heroes. They are
torturing, raping, and killing people, and burning down villages." [11]
The fairy tales about Roger Winter and Eric Reeves and the Council of Wonks have airbrushed such inconvenient truths from history. "South Sudan is primarily the creation of its own people," continues the ever-repeated Reuterscaption, drumming home the new-old Madeleine Albright and Hillary Clinton propaganda line about 'Africa by and for Africans'.
"It was southern Sudaese leaders who fought for autonomy, and more than
two million southern Sudanese who paid for that freedom with their
lives."
"The reality,"
says Mr. Chuol, whose family and friends have suffered from the recent
violence, "is that the U.S. and U.N. are abandoning the people of South
Sudan, because they only want to focus on the problems of the Bashir
government in Khartoum." [11] The divide and conquer politics of Empire would dictate that rebel factions be set at each other's throats, enabling greater western penetration and control of the new South Sudan.
Of course, no propaganda piece would be complete without the patriotic accolades for former U.S. President George W. Bush, who "set out to end Africa's Longest-running civil war, [and] also played a big role," Rebecca
Hamilton tells us, "as did modern-day abolitionists, religious groups,
human rights organizations and members of the U.S. Congress. But the
most persistent outside force in the creation of the world's newest
state was the Council, a tightly knit group never numbering more than
seven people, which in the era before email, began gathering regularly
at Otello, a restaurant near Washington's DuPont Circle."
From
the very first days of their insurrection, the SPLM has committed
massive atrocities, including war crimes, crimes against humanity and
acts of genocide. It was the same story with Museveni's NRM guerrillas
in Uganda, Kagame's RPF guerrillas in Rwanda, and with the Ugandan and
Rwandan ADFL guerrillas in Congo-Zaire.
Roger Winter was
involved with each of these four major guerrilla campaigns. From the
early 1970's to the present day he has moved in and out of foreign
countries under the cover of the United States Committee for Refugees
(USCR) and United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
and other entities.
Starting in the
early 1980's, the United States began to reorganize the military
establishment to conduct low-intensity warfare campaigns. The Joint
Chiefs of Staff formed special low-intensity conflict divisions within
the Department of Defense and within each military service, and also
reintroduced political and psychological warfare branches. The Pentagon
even drafted a Psy-Ops 'master plan' at the behest of a presidential
directive, and the National Security Council set up a top-level 'board
for low intensity conflict'." [12]
Spain's human rights icon Juan Carrero Saralegui on intelligence operative Roger Winter:
Getting beyond the
infantile nonsense about "Emperor" and "Deputy Emperor" and "Spear
Carrier," the roles of our Council of Wonks in creating conflict,
shipping weapons, covering massacres, and producing propaganda for these
insurgencies are not completely clear. The military and intelligence
hierarchies they operate within are equally untransparent.
Rebecca Hamilton
tells a happy story of the origins of the Council of Wonks. It begins
in 1978, when Brian D'Silva studied at Iowa State University alongside
"an intensely charismatic southern Sudanese man named John Garang, who
had been dreaming of a democratic Sudan... After graduation, D'Silva
went with Garang to Sudan to teach at the University of Khartoum."
D'Silva
was a Ford Foundation visiting professor at U-Khartoum, but Rebecca
Hamilton drops the reference to Ford, a known conduit to the covert U.S.
intelligence sector and foreign interventions. [13] D'Silva
joined the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to work in
Sudan in the 1980's. D'Silva's old schoolmate is John Garang, "a
conscript in the Sudanese arm [who] led a mutiny of southern Sudanese
soldiers," Hamilton tells us. Enter the Sudan Peoples' Liberation
Movement (SPLM), "which led the fight for southern autonomy." [14]
In the early
1980's, Sudan was run by the CIA's man Jaafar Nimeiri, who was ousted in
1985, and USAID maintained tight ties with the CIA. From 1985 to 1989,
the Reagan Administration maintained a strong allegiance to the
unstable Islamic government prior to the ascension to power of Omar
al-Bashir. USAID at the time was deeply involved in agriculture,
especially interventions in plantations and gum arabic production. [15] Gum
arabic is essential for soft drinks (Coke, Pepsi, Fanta) and beer, and
for ice cream and other foods, and Sudan has a near monopoly. Gum
arabic imports were exempt from
president Clinton's trade embargo of October 1997. Rep. Bob Menendez
(D-N.J.) sponsored the gum arabic loophole and Rep. Donald Payne
(D-N.J.) backed it: N.J. is home to three major corporations importing
gum arabic. USAID operations became more and more untenable from 1985,
and were completely displaced in 1989 under the Islamic government of
Omar al-Bashir. Such facts are unmentioned by Hamilton---heretical to a
fairytale of U.S. policy wonks who "dreamed of democracy" in Sudan.
Then as now, Brian D'Silva operated under the USAID cover.
Of course, Sudan
is also about oil. While the Council of Wonks minister of propaganda
Dr. Eric Reeves was screaming about genocide in Darfur, he was also
denying that massive petroleum reserves up for grabs in Darfur.[15-a]
In his Washington Post article
titled "Regime Change in Sudan," Dr. Eric Reeves called for the
overthrow of the government of Sudan, by any means necessary, and noted
that some "governing body" needed to be created to take its place. This
is exactly what has happened in other "Arab Spring" countries---Libya,
Egypt, Yemen---and was the modus operandi for the U.S. invasions and occupations of Afghanistan and Iraq. These are effectively coup d'etats.
"A
proportionately representative interim governing council must be
created externally but be ready to move quickly to take control when the
NIF [National Islamic Front] is removed by whatever means are
necessary," Dr. Eric Reeves opined. [15-b]
Roger Winter appears on the wonk scene after a 1981 visit to Sudan "for a non-governmental outfit called the U.S. Committee for Refugees," says Rebecca Hamilton. Like the International Rescue Committee (IRC), the U.S. Committee for Refugees (USCR) has a euphemistic name suggesting humanitarian motives, but both are deeply connected to the U.S. intelligence and defense community, and their work with 'refugees' is more about selectively monitoring populations on the move, gathering intelligence on political dissidents, identifying points of leverage or intervention in complex emergencies.
Roger Winter then meets Francis Deng, "a respected legal scholar" at a prominent U.S. think tank, and, Hamilton tells us, Deng "calls up a cousin in the rebel movement to ensure that on future visits, Winter would have access to all the so-called liberated areas---the parts of Sudan held by the rebels---where he could gather direct testimony on the impact of the war."
Roger Winter appears on the wonk scene after a 1981 visit to Sudan "for a non-governmental outfit called the U.S. Committee for Refugees," says Rebecca Hamilton. Like the International Rescue Committee (IRC), the U.S. Committee for Refugees (USCR) has a euphemistic name suggesting humanitarian motives, but both are deeply connected to the U.S. intelligence and defense community, and their work with 'refugees' is more about selectively monitoring populations on the move, gathering intelligence on political dissidents, identifying points of leverage or intervention in complex emergencies.
Roger Winter then meets Francis Deng, "a respected legal scholar" at a prominent U.S. think tank, and, Hamilton tells us, Deng "calls up a cousin in the rebel movement to ensure that on future visits, Winter would have access to all the so-called liberated areas---the parts of Sudan held by the rebels---where he could gather direct testimony on the impact of the war."
Nonsense. Like all Alice in Wonderland fairytales,
the rabbit hole goes much deeper than we are told here. The true facts
remain hidden in classified documents, waiting for some enterprising
muckracker---completely unlike Rebecca Hamilton or Nicholas Kristof---to excavate by FOIA from the bowels of the U.S. National Security apparatus.
"By
the mid-1980s," Rebecca Hamilton tells us, "these three future Council
members--D'Silva, Deng and Winter--were working in the United States as
proxies for John Garang, trying to open doors for the SPLM
in Washington." Enter John Prendergast, "a wayward college graduate in
search of a cause" who had been traveling in the Horn of Africa."
Caption by Reuters: Smith
College Professor and South Sudan expert Eric Reeves is pictured at
home in Northampton, Massachusetts June 29, 2012. Nationhood has many
midwives. South Sudan is primarily the creation of its own people...
blah, blah, blah." REUTERS: Matthew Cavanaugh.
"By the early
1990s, the group's work was starting to pay off." Rebecca Hamilton
distills the fairy tale down to platitudes. Ted Dagne "was seconded
from the Congressional Research Service to the House of Representatives
Subcommittee on Africa, where he began to build allies for the southern
Sudanese cause... By the mid-nineties, five men---Dagne, Deng, D'Silva,
Prendergast and Winter---were meeting regularly at Otello's."
Another key player
in the covert network, and Roger Winter's protégé, was Susan Rice,
William Jefferson Clinton's Assistant Secretary of State on African
Affairs political hit-man [sic] on
Sudan and the Great Lakes. According to Rebbecca Hamilton, John
Prendergast "applied to work for Susan Rice"---sometime in the
1990's---and "she hired him."
The Prendergast
history is intentionally vague. "At 33, he was former President Bill
Clinton's director of African Affairs at the National Security Council,"
wrote a Philadelphia magazine. [16] It
was 1996. The Clinton administration was sponsoring the invasion of
Congo-Zaire, and famine was sweeping south Sudan---due in part to the
SPLM using food as a weapon of war---but this is a clean and shiny
profile of John Prendergast. Susan Rice hired Prendergast after his gig
at the National Security Council, making him one of her special
advisers at the U.S. Department of State.
"While you sing
[John Prendergast's] praises, the Congolese people who have been dying
since 1996 have NO use of JP, though he might go by there and spread
some crumbs around from the money he raises and lives by." Dr.
Yaa-Lengi Ngemi, Congolese author of Genocide in the Congo,
sent a letter to the posh Philadelphia tabloid. "WHY? Let me put it
this way for you to understand: It's like raising money to feed someone
in chains and who is being tortured everyday instead of denouncing and
getting rid of the brutes torturing the man." [17]
Prendergast later
worked for the International Crises Group, another intelligence think
tank and agitprop NGO fronting for factions close to the U.S.
government---described by Rebecca Hamilton as "an independent research
group". Operating behind front groups like ENOUGH and Raise Hope for Congo,
John Prendergast has been long involved in supporting and covering up
the western defense and intelligence sector's involvement in
low-intensity conflicts in Africa. Like the so-called "non-government
organizations" or "NGOs" named RESOLVE, Save Darfur, Raise Hope for
Congo, STAND (Students Taking Action Now: Darfur), United to End Genocide,
the Genocide Intervention Network and many more, these groups morph and
reconfigure, always drawing massive funds from specious U.S. government
front organizations like the Center for American Progress. Their
brochures are fancy, full color productions, their organizing is funded,
their messages are simple---as appealing as the Kony2012
video---watered-down-and-feel-good campaigns that displace the true
grass roots movements for social justice in Africa.
Rebecca Hamilton
also deleted the key fact that Susan Rice and John Prendergast worked
together to create the Pentagon's prized Africa Crisis Response
Initiative (ACRI)---a euphemistically named entity created to project
U.S. power in Africa---run by U.S. Army Special Forces Command (SOCOM).
"By the late
1990s, Washington was not just providing humanitarian assistance to the
southern Sudanese," Rebecca Hamilton's agitprop reports. "It was also
giving leadership missions and training, as well as $20 million of
surplus military equipment to Uganda, Ethiopia and Eritrea, who all
supported the southern rebels. Prendergast said the idea was to help
states in the region to change the regime. 'It was up to them, not us,'
he said in an interview..."
Operation Lifeline Sudan: An
International Rescue Committee plane flying from the United Nations'
base for Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS) in Lokichogio, Kenya, lands in
south Sudan's Jonglei State near Pochalla and is met by Anuak and Nuer
refugees. The plane dropped a humanitarian mission to investigate
attacks against Ethiopian Anuak and Nuer refugees in nearby Gambella
state, Ethiopia, January 16-24, 2004.
Photo c. keith harmon snow, 2004.
Africa by and for Africans! Notice how Rebecca Hamilton distances the U.S. government from the already 15 plus years of covert low-intensity warfare facilitated---since the early 1980's---by Roger Winter. The military equipment is also described as 'surplus'---a ploy of plausible denial and disinformation that further downplays the covert support for a nasty and bloody low-intensity war in Sudan. Of course, there is no mention of Roger Winter's role in the low-intensity wars in Africa's Great Lakes countries.
"The Council's Deputy Emperor, Eric Reeves, joined in 2001." Rebecca Hamilton writes. "Reeves was a professor of English literature at Smith, a small college in Western Massachusetts. He had no background in Sudan. But after reading about the humanitarian conditions in the south and attending a lecture Winter gave at the college, Reeves became the Council's most prolific writer. He published hundreds of opinion pieces and blogged detailed reports brimming with moral outrage against Khartoum." [18]
Dr. Eric Reeves is perhaps America's greatest emotional manipulator. Reading his texts, one is overwhelmed by superlatives and assaulted by inflammatory emotional language. "The brutal regime in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, has orchestrated genocidal counterinsurgency war in Darfur for five years, and now is poised for victory in its ghastly assault on the region's African populations." [19]
Add the delusions, the outright lies and invented facts provided from the field by the other members of the Council of Wonks, the arrogance and brow-beating of anyone who dissents against him, and the patriotism, and it is clear that Reeves demonstrates what Wilhelm Reich described as fascism. [20]
And then there is his petulant behavior. Reeves tolerates zero criticism or divergence from the party line. If he doesn't want to hear what someone has to say, and his mind is closed to alternative perspectives, he quite literally throws a temper tantrum: even Rebecca Hamilton wrote how he stormed out of a Save Darfur meeting. [21]
Dr. Eric Reeves refuses to sit on any panels with anyone who deviates from his sacred script, and he can be downright nasty. For example, on July 6, 2006, at Dr. Reeves' own Smith College, Reeves refused to participate in a panel on Darfur titled "Intervention, Regime Change and the Politics of Genocide" and he did not attend the event. The head of Smith's African Studies, Dr, Eliot Fratkin, was one of the panel members, as was this journalist. (Dr. Fratkin applauded the panel, at its conclusion, but Fratkin changed his position overnight and distanced himself the following day.) [21-a]
At Smith College on December 9, 2010, when a journalist interrupted Reeves during the question and answers session following Reeves' lecture on Darfur, Reeves went berserk: the journalist was assaulted by the event organizers, and Smith College security issued the journalist a "No Trespassing for Life" notice for three colleges: Smith College, Mt. Holyoke and Hampshire College.
The mass media spread Reeves' Sudan propaganda far and wide, and whole social movements have been engineered---from Mia Farrow and George Clooney to the Darfur Action Group of the Northampton (MA)-based Congregation B'Nai Israel Church to the Holocaust Memorial Museum---to mobilize constituencies and misdirect public action. The political calculus at work is based in a left-liberal hawkishness that has lost its moral compass, and this misplaced moralism is a cultural phenomenon that serves the powerful forces of Empire.
This is what I call humanitarian fascism. The cover story is full of fictions, little lies and outright disinformation. While the resumés of most development and policy expertsare typically findable on-line, the details of Prendergast, Dagne, D'Silva and Winter's careers are not so easily discoverable.
For example, in the late 1980's and early 1990's, John Prendergast worked in southern Sudan for several so-called non-government organizations that, in fact, have very close ties to the foreign policy and intelligence establishment: Bread for the World and Human Rights Watch.
Access to south Sudan was facilitated through the so-called 'humanitarian' wing of the SPLM, the Sudan Relief and Rehabilitation Association (SRRA). From Nairobi---a hub for U.S., British and Israeli defense and intelligence interests in East Africa and the Horn---western agents fly to Lokichogio, on the Kenya-Sudan border, where a United Nations base offered support for the billion dollar western misery-cum-missionary enterprise, Operation Lifeline Sudan.
Sudan in pictures: A racist, blurry, black, decontextualized New York Times Magazine
photo that accompanied a Nicholas Kristof article.
Very euphemistically named, Bread for the World is a Christian faith-based organization close to the heart of the Christian Coalition. Past and current Bread for the World directors have included U.S. Rep. Donald Payne (D-N.J.)(d. 2012) and Rep. Frank Wolf (R-VA). Other directors include Clinton White House insiders Mike McCurry and---president Barack Obama's current Secretary of Defense and former CIA director (2009-2011)---Leon Panetta.
"In 1995, Christian Solidarity International initiated a controversial program in Sudan called slave redemption," wrote Rebecca Hamilton. "The Zurich-based human-rights organization began paying slave traders for the freedom of southerners captured in raids by government-backed militias from the north. Christian Solidarity took journalists and pastors from the black evangelical community along on their missions, and stories of modern-day slavery filtered into church congregations and the U.S. Media."
Many Jewish and
Christian political organizations and think tanks have supported the
long years of covert low-intensity warfare in Sudan. The religious
propaganda produced by the policy wonks sold western minds to support a
Jewish and Christian fundamentalist war against Islam that would
otherwise never have existed. The slavery campaigns amounted to one
massive fabrication after another, Psy-Ops used against western 'news'
consumers and the Christian and Jewish masses. [22]
Intelligence
operatives Ted Dange, John Prendergast and Roger Winter shuttled U.S.
politicians to SPLM territory to see the misery for themselves---misery
that the Council of Wonks' Dr. Eric Reeves always attributed to a
"genocidal counterinsurgency by the Government of Sudan." Nicholas
Kristof took the flag and ran with it in such massive disinformation
pieces as "The Secret Genocide Archive." [23] Nicholas Kristof was rewarded with a Pulitzer Prize for his Sudan agitprop.
Roger Winter took
Rep. Frank Wolf (R-VA) and another member of Congress (unnamed by
Rebecca Hamilton) to meet SPLM commander John Garang on one of his
visits to rebel-held areas of Sudan in 1989. Ted Dagne's "network of
southern Sudan allies in Congress solidified," Rebecca Hamilton wrote.
"He organized trips into SPLM-held areas for bipartisan delegations,
including Tennessee Republican Sen. Bill Frist and the late New Jersey
Democratic Rep. Donald Payne."
Donald Payne
served on numerous top-level Congressional committees involved in
African Affairs and he accompanied the Clinton's on the victory tour in
Africa in 1998, he was arrested for protesting in front of the Sudan
Embassy in 2001, and supported the Genocide Intervention Network, one of
the Prendergast-linked intelligence agitprop groups. Payne was tied to
numerous other Christian-right charity organizations---like Servant's
Heart---working in Africa, and to the Africa Society, a pro-business
intelligence and propaganda front group.
Bread for the
World director and former senator Bob Dole (R-KA) worked for years to
advance the interests of mid-western U.S. grain corporations, esp.
Archers Daniels Midland. U.S. lobbyists for big agribusiness seeking vast landholdings in Sudan worked out of Dole's office and frequently traveled to Sudan. Dole also used and manipulated the World Food Program as an imperial tool to both leverage foreign markets and protect domestic ones.
Famines,
starvation, internally displaced people and refugees flows are these
organizations' stock in trade, and the war in south Sudan simultaneously
took land out of agricultural production and created a market for U.S.
corporations to dump surplus and sub-standard grains for a profit. Many
of these organizations are today connected to Yoweri Museveni---former
co-chair of the euphemistically named Partnership to Cut Hunger and
Poverty in Africa (PCHPA)---and they operate in tandem with USAID, which
is really just a Christian-based "soft policy" wing of the Pentagon
that uses food as a weapon under the disguise of charity. Many of
USAID's programs are highly invisible.
Kigali, Rwanda, 4 July 2010: Paul Kagame decorates Roger Winter with special medals celebrating RPF victory; U.S. Rep. Donald Payne also received one of Kagame's medals.
Donald Payne and
Roger Winter were decorated by Rwandan president Paul Kagame at the July
4, 2012 celebration of the 16th Anniversary of the RPF's victory in
Rwanda. Donald Payne, then 76, received only the UMURINZI "Campaign
Against Genocide Medal for being "among 'very few' people in the world
who recognized the Tutsi Genocide as the governments, media and
individuals continued to debate." Roger Winter, then 67, received both
Rwanda's URUTI Liberation Medal and UMURINZI medal.
"Roger Winter is
one of Kagame's most ardent supporters, and one of the most biased, and
least credible," says Rene Lemarchand, long-time Central Africa expert
and former USAID consultant (1992-1998). "It is not for nothing that
Winter has been decorated by [Paul] Kagame for
his past services as a praise-singer (griot) on behalf of his patron.
He played a key role in 1992 in putting Kagame in touch with
high-ranking bureaucrats in the U.S. State Department, and he kept in
close touch with the RPF in subsequent years. I would trust him about
as far as I can throw a piano. I believe you're right in saying that
Winter worked as a U.S. intelligence operative. That's my gut feeling
but I cannot prove it." [24]
"The silence is fathomless and overwhelming and eventually there will be no more sounds from this region," wrote Roger Rosenblatt in a July 1993 Vanity Fair feature article(later published as a book) that sold the U.S. policy line on Sudan in 1993. [25] The
article is a sales pitch, a provocative pornography of misery and
violence meant to tug on western heart strings and open purses for
western charity NGOs. Whether by accident or intention, depopulation of
indigenous lands is one of the objectives of Empire, enabling foreign
interests to more easily steal and occupy the land.
"No side has a
claim on morality in these wars." Rosenblatt prepares the argument for
our SPLA support, taking the side sanctioned by the popular insanity,
and in sync with the National Security apparatus. This is, after all, a
war for public opinion at home, as much as for Empire in Sudan.
"When [Government
of Sudan] military convoys lose vehicles to rebel mines, they usually
burn the closest village and murder its inhabitants." Rosenblatt is
unwilling to expose the SPLM tactics in low-intensity warfare, where the
people are used as human shields. "Soldiers routinely rape women
displaced from their homes by the fighting; the SPLA has also been
accused of rape and kidnapping." The GoS soldiers are guilty of rape,
while SPLA soldiers are only accused. "Both the government and the SPLA
have menaced relief operations and blown up trucks carrying food and
medicine." So there are, in fact, two warring factions in this war!
"The government has amputated the limbs of prisoners of war; so has the
SPLA." [25]
"Yet nearly everyone [sic] agrees
that the Bashir government has been the main persecutor in the wars."
Roger Rosenblatt's script is still in use today! "Muslim
fundamentalists armed and inspired by Iran, they are the theocratic
cleansers of their country---a twist on the ethnic cleansers in Bosnia.
They seek to "Islamize" the Sudan---as indeed Iran may seek to Islamize
the entire Horn of Africa---by converting or killing off all the
Christians and animists in the South. Their weapons are famine,
political repression, the torture of dissidents, and outright
slaughter." [25]
Yet nearly everyone does not agree.
To conclude the
upside-down and backwards charade, Rosenblatt proffered the thesis that
"the U.S. government provided only intermittent humanitarian aid to the
Sudan, either because it is loath to interfere with a sovereign
government (this is how the political situation in Sudan differs from
Somalia) or because there is no obvious geopolitical advantage in doing
so in the post-Cold War environment." [25]
No obvious
geopolitical advantage! No geopolitical interests! No strategic
interests! "The silence is fathomless and overwhelming," indeed, and if
"eventually there will be no more sounds from this region," it will be
due to the massive corporate depopulation land-grab [Lebensraum] by Wall Street bankers, industrial philanthropists and other white collar predators.
The example of Jarch Capital comes
quickly to mind. Wall Street banker Philippe Heilberg's Jarch Capital,
an investment firm, acquired 400,000 hectares in South Sudan in the
last few years. These landholdings the size of Vermont were acquired in
a deal with SPLM warlord Gabriel Matip. Jarch Capital came under some
mild scrutiny when it was learned that Jarch executives include a former
Clinton era Pentagon agent named Gwenyth Todd, andJoseph Wilson.
In 1997, just before Clinton destroyed Sudan's Al-Shifa pharmaceutical
factory with cruise missiles, Joseph Wilson ran the National Security
Council's East Africa Desk. Working under him was none other than
National Security Council agent John Prendergast, America's humanitarian
poster boy for Sudan and George Clooney's sidekick. [26]
"Whatever the
causes of the war, it is southern civilians who have paid most dearly
for it, and continue to pay," wrote Human Rights Watch in a November
1994 report. "In this second civil [sic] war,
even the adults are hard pressed to survive where displacement, asset
destruction, famine and disease are constantly recurring. Children,
always the most disadvantaged in any war, have been additionally
punished in Sudan by being separated from their families, where they
might find a modicum of adult protection, supervision and concern. They
remain at greater risk than adults." [27]
John Prendergast
was one of several key researchers for the HRW report, based on research
at refugee camps in Kenya, Sudan and Uganda from January to June 1993,
and interviews in conducted in London, Cairo, Nairobi and Washington
DC. The report concluded that "the SPLA has engaged in recruitment of
boy soldiers and in the separation of children from their families...
Since 1987 the SPLA has maintained large camps of boys separate from
their relatives and tribes in refugee camps in Ethiopia and in southern
Sudan. From these camps the SPLA has drawn fresh recruits as needed,
regardless of the age of the boys."
Not only were the
SPLA "lost Boys" camps used for military recruitment: they were also
places of death. Conditions were abhorrent. While the Operation
Lifeline Sudan was paying huge salaries to western ex-patriots, and
while Christian NGOs were shipping bibles to remote locations suffering
famine, boys were living in absolute misery in these camps. Scores of
thousands of children have died due to the indirect causes of the U.S.
covert war. Roger Winter and the low-intensity SPLM war created the
so-called "Lost Boys of Sudan"---not the Khartoum government, as we are
always led to believe.
SPLA child soldiers in south Sudan: photo courtesy of the New Vision newspaper, Kampala, Uganda.
The Council of
Wonks are all well aware of the atrocities committed by the SPLM. Like
Human Rights Watch, and sometimes working for them, sometimes not, John
Prendergast wrote about the SPLM campaigns of terror in south Sudan. In
his book, Frontline Diplomacy: Humanitarian Aid and Conflict in Africa,
for example, Prendergast explores how the SPLM uses food as a weapon,
how they shuttle refugees around for their strategic and tactical
advantage, using people as human shields, attacking relief organizations
and enforcing starvation to leverage foreign intervention. Over the
years however, Prendergast went silent on SPLM abuses.
The government think tank U.S. Institute for Peace (USIP) funded Prendergast's Frontline Diplomacy project,
just as they funded Philip Gourevitch to travel back and forth to see
his friend Paul Kagame and produce the 'non-fiction' propaganda book We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families: Stories from Rwanda(Verso, 1999).
The USIP funded
other Sudan and Rwanda propaganda, conferences and policy papers.
Speaking at a USIP conference titled "Religion, Nationalism and Peace in
Sudan" on September 16-17,1997, Roger Winter reportedly demanded
full-scale backing from the U.S. government for a war "to bring down the
Khartoum government" in Sudan, adding, "even though I know it will
bring about a humanitarian catastrophe." John Prendergast and Ted Dagne
were on the same panel as Winter, and Council of Wonks member Francis
Deng spoke on another panel.
Over the past
few decades, the human rights agencies became and more and more muted
about crimes committed by the U.S., the U.K. or Israel---if mentioned at
all---with resources and public relations increasingly concentrated on
documenting the crimes of 'enemies' that are in the way of Empire. "The
grand narrative of human rights contains a subtext which depicts an
epochal contest pitting savages, on the one hand, against victims and
saviors, on the other," writes Professor Makau Mutua. [28]
SPLM war crimes
and crimes against humanity are documented in stark detail in the March
1990 Human Rights Watch/Africa Watch report Denying "The Honor of Living": Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster.
Between 1984 and 1989, the SPLM attacked southern Garrison towns,
disappeared and tortured, and shot civilian airliners out of the sky.
In 1986, the SPLM attacked Ugandan (mostly Acholi) refugees in southern
Sudan---forced out of Uganda by Museveni's NRM low-intensity war
there---killing refugees and forcing at least 35,000 refugees back to
insecurity in Uganda. In 1989 the SPLM attacked Ethiopian refugee camps
on the Ethiopian border. Both instances were violations of
international humanitarian law.
As Operation Lifeline Sudan grew
in scope, so too did the scale and magnitude of the crimes committed by
the SPLM---and the sophistication of the western intelligence apparatus
at hiding them. The Council of Wonks and the 'human rights'
establishment and the misery industry increasingly closed their eyes to
SPLM atrocities, funded by western taxpayers, and increasingly honed and
tuned the propaganda corps to demonize the Government of Sudan in
keeping with the savior versus savage narrative at work behind the new
humanitarian fascism.
Did the SPLM
reform itself in the mid-1990s and post-2000 era? Starting in 1999,
from his offices at Smith College, policy wonk Eric Reeves screamed
louder and louder---ever more hysterical by the day---about the
Government of Sudan's bombing campaigns, the climbing death tolls, the
genocide, and about our moral imperative to facilitate "regime change"
in Khartoum by any means necessary. Meanwhile, John Prendergast became
increasingly silent about SPLM terrorism in Sudan in direct proportion
to his proximity to the U.S. government. The closer Prendergast got to
the National Security apparatus---and the perks of power and private
profit---the quieter he became.
Ditto with Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International and the western human rights corpus. The massive tomeLeave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda (1999),
researched and written by Human Rights Watch agent Alison Des Forges,
offers a scant 43 pages (out of 793 pages) on crimes committed by the
"highly disciplined" RPF, and these crimes are often downgraded to
allegations or unverified reports. Roger Winter is not once mentioned
in the book. Alison Des Forges also worked as a consultant to USAID.
Similarly, the 343-page Human Rights Watch book Behind the Red Line: Political Repression in Sudan (1996)
offers a mere 20 pages (out of 343 pages) attending to SPLM crimes, and
these 20 pages also include further "Crimes by All Parties to the
Conflict."
As
human rights and so-called humanitarian NGOs have evolved, they have
become ever more focused on presenting western civilization as
saviors and our proxy forces as victims, in a contest with savages. In
the case of the governments (and people) we wish to overthrow, the
'savages' are the Arab Government of Sudan, the Hutu government of
Rwanda, and so on, and so forth. It is all too easy for affluent
westerners to adhere to this narrative.
It is "a project for the redemption of the redeemers," writes Makau Mutua, "in which whites who are privileged globally as a people---who have historically visited untold suffering and savage atrocities against nonwhites---redeem themselves by 'defending' and 'civilizing' 'lower,' 'unfortunate,' and 'inferior' peoples." [28]
It is "a project for the redemption of the redeemers," writes Makau Mutua, "in which whites who are privileged globally as a people---who have historically visited untold suffering and savage atrocities against nonwhites---redeem themselves by 'defending' and 'civilizing' 'lower,' 'unfortunate,' and 'inferior' peoples." [28]
An early SPLA photo: A photo of an SPLM bridge in south Sudan taken by Roger Winter in the 1980's.
Hamilton reports
that Smith College professor Eric Reeves began working with the policy
wonks---and the implication is he began working on Sudan---in 2001 after
Roger Winter spoke at Smith College. In fact, it was the other way
around: Eric Reeves began screaming about "genocide in Sudan" in 1999.
If his Sudan crusade was inspired by Roger Winter, he has changed his
story.
"When the former
executive director of the U.S. branch of Doctors Without Borders, Joelle
Tanguy, told Reeves she thought Sudan needed a champion, she probably
didn't expect it to be an English prof from Northampton,
Massachusetts." John Prendergast wrote this while eulogizing Eric
Reeves in his book Not On Our Watch: The Mission to End Genocide in Darfur and Beyond. [29] "Fighting
cancer and frequently working from his hospital bed, he has waged an
often lonely but always Herculean struggle to ensure that the American
public is aware of what is happening to the people of Sudan..."
Reeves has stated
he met Joelle Tanguy and adopted the Sudan cause "early in 1999". On
April 1, 1999, Smith College hosted a lecture by Roger Winter organized
by Eric Reeves. "Winter 'is a really distinguished presence in the
world of humanitarian agencies,' says Smith English professor Eric
Reeve, an organizer of the event..." [30]
On October 30, 2000, Smith College hosted a special ceremony where
Roger Winter and the U.S. Committee for Refugees honored Reeves with an
award recognizing Reeves "for his widely published work calling
attention to Sudan's vast and ongoing humanitarian crisis." [31]
Eric Reeves Disinformation Graphic: 'They Bombed everything that Moved':
a flagrant example of Dr. Eric Reeves' highly incredible anti-Khartoum propaganda.
a flagrant example of Dr. Eric Reeves' highly incredible anti-Khartoum propaganda.
In Eric Reeves'
hysterical perspective, virtually all violence in Sudan is attributed to
the "genocidal counterinsurgency by the [Khartoum] Government of
Sudan." Reeves' disinformation---especially his inflation and
fluctuation of mortality estimates in Darfur (2003-2010)---has been
roundly debunked. [32] The charge of genocide in Darfur was equally specious---meaningless in the context used by Eric Reeves and Nicholas Kristof.
In 2006, the U.S.
Government Accountability Office in collaboration with the National
Academy of Sciences convened twelve experts to review six sources of
data on mortality in Darfur. The GAO study, reported to the U.S.
Congress in November 2006, questioned the validity of three of the six
'expert' international sources providing estimates of mortality on
Darfur, offering a "devastating critique of assumptions, source data and
extrapolations behind the findings of the two most prolific high-end
researchers associated with Save Darfur..." [32]
One of these
high-enders was professor John Hagan, who authored the highly
politicized "Atrocities Documentation Report" produced by an NGO called
the Coalition for International Justice. The second high-end researcher
was Dr. Eric Reeves. "Nine of the experts found Hagan's source data 'generally' or 'definitely' unsound, while ten experts said the same of Reeves' source data.
Ten said Hagan's assumptions were 'somewhat' or 'very unreasonable,'
and eleven said so with regard to Reeves. Eleven said Hagan's
extrapolations were 'somewhat' or 'very inappropriate,' and all twelve
said so in reference to Reeves." [32]
Worse still, the
escalation of Save Darfur hysteria occurred in 2006, even as the
violence in Darfur had greatly receded. Reeves' mortality estimates
went up and down and up again, and he paid no attention to the GAO
critique, but continued to scream about between 400,000 to 500,000 dead
due to the "genocidal counterinsurgency" by the Government of Sudan.
Given the cloudy assessments of the actual mortality---somewhere between
the Government of Sudan's estimate of 10,000 and other reasonable
estimates of around 200,000---the hysterical behavior of Dr. Eric Reeves
is shocking.
Of course, behind
Reeves was the Council of Wonks. To his credit, Dr. Eric Reeves
specifically acted as Minister of Disinformation for the Council's
anti-Sudan campaign: he had nothing to do with the low-intensity wars in
Uganda, Rwanda or Congo. Or did he?
While the (extremely conservative) International Rescue Committee estimates of
death tolls in the neighboring Congo were coming in at 3.9 million dead
by 2004 and 5.4 million dead by 2007---some 45,000 Congolese dying
every month---Reeves was inflating mortality statis on Darfur,
monopolizing attention, getting shriller and shriller by the day,
focusing the global consciousness on Darfur. Like Mahmood
Mamdani---whose analyses of Reeve's manipulation of Darfur mortality
stats was utilized above---Dr. Eric Reeves has protected Yoweri Museveni
and Paul Kagame from scrutiny; the former by defecting attention from
the SPLM's covert supply chain in Uganda, the latter by whitewashing the
Rwandan Defenses Forces' (formerly known as the Rwandan Patriotic
Front) combat operations under the African Union flag in Darfur. By
falsifying consciousness on Sudan, Dr. Eric Reeves was also falsifying
consciousness about the Great Lakes.
Roger Winter and
Ted Dagne and the other Council of Wonks members were Reeves' primary
sources of information, and Reeves accepted their data and perspective
all too happily. His reports, appearing anywhere and everywhere in the
U.S. media, reeked of hysteria and outright lies. Reeve's understanding
of a greater geopolitical context, such as the political fault lines of
front line states (Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda) involved
in Sudan's war (or the international geopolitical importance of
countries like Libya) was unnecessary for the mission of propagandizing
the western public and providing cover for the covert low-intensity war
prosecuted by the SPLA and backed by Washington.
ew York Times Magazine caption: Winter meets a Darfur rebel [sic], Minni Minawi, in Juba, Sudan.
"To this day [Reeves] carries his draft card from the Vietnam war in his wallet," wrote Rebecca Hamilton in Fighting for Darfur, "its status is marked '1-0'---conscientious objector." [21] The
irony is thick as the blood in South Sudan. While the media always
underscores Reeves' supposed morality---was it a commitment to
non-violence or a refusal to support an imperialist war?--- Reeves
openly advocated more conventional U.S. military war against Sudan. His
draft card in his wallet offers proof of his saintliness. Dr. Reeve's
struggle with leukemia is also invoked as irrefutable evidence of his
saintliness.
Reeves' statements
before the U.S. Congress sound like pro-SPLM military briefings. "The
SPLA has not, so far, successfully attacked in a major way the oil
infrastructure." Reeves is responding to U.S. Congressman Ed Royce,
Chair of the U.S. House of Representatives Africa Subcommittee in March
2001. "There have been attacks on the oil pipeline as it approaches
Eritrea. There have been attacks and seizures of individual wells, but
the security is very, very extensive. The scorched earth warfare that
the government of Sudan has conducted has created acordon sanitaire that
has made it virtually impossible for the SPLA to deploy resources that
would allow for major military attack on the infrastructure in the Unity
and Heglig fields." [33]
There is no rest for the wicked, and so the Council of Wonks will not stop their war until the National Islamic Front Government of Sudan is gone. It doesn't matter how messy it gets.
There is no rest for the wicked, and so the Council of Wonks will not stop their war until the National Islamic Front Government of Sudan is gone. It doesn't matter how messy it gets.
"Security
cooperation between Khartoum and Washington [Central Intelligence
Agency] and London [Secret Intelligence Service (MI6)] has increased
sharply in volume over the past two years, for instance in the number of
documents handed over and the numbers of joint liaison meetings,"
reported Africa Confidential.
The article stated obvious facts that the policy wonks have hidden.
"Some Western strategists regard the longer term plan to engage the NIF
regime on security, and also more widely in peace negotiations with the
Sudan People's Liberation Army, as regime change by stealth." The same AC article
reported: "Western intelligence sources briefed journalists that some
teams of U.S. Special Forces units were operating in northern Sudan in
pursuit of terror cells and Al Qaida units." [34]
In a speech before
the U.S. House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health
and Human Rights on June 16, 2011, Roger Winter---described as "the
former U.S. special envoy to Sudan"---called for immediate military
action against Khartoum in order to strengthen the South Sudan army and,
ostensibly, to halt attacks on civilians.
"Take a military
action against a Khartoum military target now," Winter said, adding that
the goal would be "to strengthen the SPLA in meaningful ways as a
deterrent against Khartoum aggression, provocation and attacks against
civilians." [35]
Like Reeves and
the other members of the Council of Wonks, Winter blames all the
violence on Khartoum and he inflates mortality estimates out of thin
air. "Winter said that any commitments made by the Khartoum government
are unreliable and that the government's actions had led to the death of
three million people." [35]
No matter their
hysteria, their warmongering, or their lack of credibility, these guys
continue to be widely celebrated and published. Evidence suggests that
the system appreciates them precisely because they obfuscate reality and
inculcate necessary illusions. "We are, once again, on the verge of
genocidal counterinsurgency in Sudan," screamed the mad doctor and
indefatigable dink at Smith College, in his June 13, 2011 Washington Post Op/Ed titled "In Sudan, Genocide Anew?" "History must not be allowed to repeat itself."
[1] Rebecca Hamilton, Fighting for Darfur: Public Action and the Struggle to Stop Genocide, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
[2] Steve Weissman, "Rwanda - Whose Genocide?" truthout,
March 31, 2004. Stephen R. Weissman, formerly Staff Director of the
U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Africa, has been a senior
governance adviser to the U.S. Agency for International Development,
associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and Ford
Foundation program officer.
[3] Max
and Paul Warburg and other associates financed the rise of Adolph
Hitler. While German members of the Warburg organizations affiliated
with I.G. Farben were tried and convicted at Nuremburg, neither Max nor
Paul nor any of their top affiliates at the U.S. subsidiary of I.G.
Farben were ever charged. See, e.g.: Antony C. Sutton, The Empire of I.G. Farben: Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler, Clairview Books, 2010.
[4] The Aspen Institute has hosted Rwanda's president Paul Kagame, and it's board of directors include Nicholas Kristof (the Darfur, Sudan 'genocide' Pulitzer winner) and Madeleine Albright (former Secretary of State during the Clinton administration's covert operations in Africa). The Aspen Institute describes itself as an "international non-profit organization dedicated to informed dialogue and inquiry on issues of global concern." However, along with Fareed Zacharia--whose productions in Newsweek support some of the West's most flagrant Psy-Ops against Western 'news' consumers--are a whole phalanx of defense and intelligence operatives. Most notable in relation to wars and interventions in Africa include Retired U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft, former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former CIA Director John Deutch, former Secretary of Defense William Perry (1994-1997), and New York Times Corporation 'journalist' Nicholas Kristof.
[5] Eliza Griswold, "The Man For a New Sudan," New York Times Magazine, June 15, 2008.
[6] For this story, all subversive guerrilla campaigns will be identified using the names of their political wings: SPLM, NRM, RPF, and ADFL. The Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) is the political wing of former commander John Garang's guerrilla forces called the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA). The National Resistance Movement (NRM) was the political wing of Yoweri Museveni's guerrilla forces called the National Resistance Army (NRA); after 1986, the NRA were renamed the Uganda People's Defense Forces (UPDF). The Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) was the political wing of Paul Kagame's guerrilla forces called the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA). The ADFL refers to the acronym attached to the forces of the Alliance for the Democratic Liberation of Congo-Zaire, though these were comprised most heavily of RPA and UPDF regulars, virtually all of whom came from Uganda.
[4] The Aspen Institute has hosted Rwanda's president Paul Kagame, and it's board of directors include Nicholas Kristof (the Darfur, Sudan 'genocide' Pulitzer winner) and Madeleine Albright (former Secretary of State during the Clinton administration's covert operations in Africa). The Aspen Institute describes itself as an "international non-profit organization dedicated to informed dialogue and inquiry on issues of global concern." However, along with Fareed Zacharia--whose productions in Newsweek support some of the West's most flagrant Psy-Ops against Western 'news' consumers--are a whole phalanx of defense and intelligence operatives. Most notable in relation to wars and interventions in Africa include Retired U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft, former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former CIA Director John Deutch, former Secretary of Defense William Perry (1994-1997), and New York Times Corporation 'journalist' Nicholas Kristof.
[5] Eliza Griswold, "The Man For a New Sudan," New York Times Magazine, June 15, 2008.
[6] For this story, all subversive guerrilla campaigns will be identified using the names of their political wings: SPLM, NRM, RPF, and ADFL. The Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) is the political wing of former commander John Garang's guerrilla forces called the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA). The National Resistance Movement (NRM) was the political wing of Yoweri Museveni's guerrilla forces called the National Resistance Army (NRA); after 1986, the NRA were renamed the Uganda People's Defense Forces (UPDF). The Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) was the political wing of Paul Kagame's guerrilla forces called the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA). The ADFL refers to the acronym attached to the forces of the Alliance for the Democratic Liberation of Congo-Zaire, though these were comprised most heavily of RPA and UPDF regulars, virtually all of whom came from Uganda.
[7] Wayne Madsen, Genocide and Covert Operations in Africa, 1993-1999, Mellon Press, 1999: p. 463.
[8] See, e.g., keith harmon snow, "The Winter of Bashir's Discontent: AFRICOM's Covert War in Sudan," AllThingsPass.com, March 4, 2009.
[9] Daniel
Siryoti, Shlomo Cesana, The Associated Press and Israel Hayom Staff,
"Israeli 'Elements' reported to be Arming South Sudan Army," Israel Hayom, August 8, 2012.
[10] See: keith harmon snow, "Gertler's Bling Bang Torah Gang: Israel and the Ongoing Holocaust in Congo,"Dissident Voice, February 9, 2008.
[11] Personal communication, Luke Chuol, July 31, 2012.
[12] William I. Robinson, Promoting Polyarchy: Globalization, U.S. Intervention, and Hegemony, Cambridge University Press, 1996: p. 82.
[13] Eric Thomas Chester, Covert Network: Progressives, the International Rescue Committee, and the CIA, M.E. Sharpe, 1994.
[14] USAID
operative Brian D'Silva and Department of State operative Ted Dagne
will not be addressed at length in this report. According to their own
bios: Brian D'Silva has over 25 years of experience working on Sudan
issues and in Sudan. He served as Ford Foundation Visiting Professor at
the University of Khartoum and also with USAID/Sudan in Khartoum in
the
1980s. In the 1990′s, he worked on Sudan issues from USAID's
Regional Office in Nairobi. Ted Dagne is Specialist in International
Relations, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade at the Congressional
Research Service, the public policy research arm of the U.S Congress.
Ted has also served as a Professional Staff Member for the House Foreign
Affairs Committee and as Special Adviser to U.S. Special Envoy to Sudan
and to the Assistant Secretary of State, Department of State. Ted has
conducted over 2,000 major studies on African affairs and he is the
Associate Editor of the Mediterranean Quarterly Journal.
[15] James A. Chapman, et al, Agriculture and Natural Resources Strategy Assessment, Chemonics International, for USAID Project No. 650-0071-3-30123, December 1987.
[15] James A. Chapman, et al, Agriculture and Natural Resources Strategy Assessment, Chemonics International, for USAID Project No. 650-0071-3-30123, December 1987.
[15-a] See, e.g., keith harmon snow, Oil in Darfur? Covert Ops in Somalia? The New Old Humanitarian Warfare in Africa, Global Research, February 7, 2007.
[15-b] Eric Reeves, "Regime Change in Sudan," Washington Post, 23 August 2004: p. A15.
[16] J.F. Pirro, "John Prendergast: A Larger-Than-Life Humanitarian With an Undying Mission," Mainline Today, November 16, 2011.
[17] Dr.
Yaa-Lengi Ngemi and the CongoCoalition's letter to editor Hobart
Rowland and writer J.F. Pirro were posted on the article on December 15,
2011, but were subsequently deleted. The letter is reproduced here in
full:
[Dear Hobart Rowland:
About J.F. Pirro describing John Prendergast [JP]: Since 2000 when we published our book, GENOCIDE IN THE CONGO,
we have struggled to raise the issue of Gongo genocide by attempting to
expose the criminals, their sponsors, and their apologists. It has
been a long struggle because those dying are Africans and Black while
those benefiting are mostly whites outside of Africa. And, until a
white person sees the little 9 year-old African girl being gang raped as
his own little daughter or the 30 year-old woman who is gang-raped then
mutilated then her genitals carved off and carried away as his own wife
or sister, until then, white journalists and "activists" can only
scratch each other's back, blow each other's trumpet in order to make
themselves feel good, raise money, hobnob all over the world giving the
poor and the downtrodden scraps left over after they have enjoyed the
money they raise in the name of "doing good" or "preventing genocide and
crimes against humanity" instead of STOPPING the genocide going on
RIGHT NOW.
Take
your subject, JP, whom we have confronted in New York City (Columbia
University) and Washington D.C. (a few times). While you sing his
praises, the Congolese people who have been dying since 1996 have NO use
of JP, though he might go by there and spread some crumbs around from
the money he raises and lives by. WHY? Let me put it this way for you to
understand: It's like raising money to feed someone in chains and who
is being tortured everyday instead of denouncing and getting rid of the
brutes torturing the man.
To
wit, your JP has NEVER denounced his former boss Bill Clinton who was
behind the invasion of the Congo in 1996, in the first place (watch on
Youtube "Crisis in the Congo: Uncovering the Truth", so you can get an
idea; with apologies to a great friend of mine who, rightly, feels the
video does not give the whole truth).
Neither
has your JP ever before denounced Paul Kagame--Bill Clinton's personal
friend and Hitler-in-Chief--for the millions of Congolese dead at his
hands, nor exposed Hyppolite Kanambe, the former intelligence officer in
Paul Kagame's army who was set up in the Congo as "president", a.k.a.
"Joseph Kabila".
We
confronted your JP and he couldn't defend his stance. Now he is
beginning to "mention" Rwanda and Uganda; however, Enough Project
continues with its line of business: Do not denounce Bill Clinton,
Kagame, Museveni, Kanambe, or the multinationals, and do not call the
world governments (who actually are behind the genocide in the first
place) to either demand that Kagame and Museveni get out of the Congo
and carry their Trojan Horse, Kanambe "Kabila" with them or that the
world governments go in the Congo, as they did in Europe against the
Nazis, and kick out the Rwandans, the Ugandans, and Hyppolite Kanambe
who have been slaughtering the Congolese.
We
understand, of course, that the views of Black Africans like us won't
make either your JP or his former master Bill Clinton loose his sleep
over the millions of Conglese killed while they trot all over the place
as "humanitarians". Thus the Genocide in the Congo goes on, the gang
rapes continue, and Enough blames it on "minerals" and promotes laws on
"minerals" (they won't even demand that the US Congress implements Law
109-456 that was signed by George W. Bush in 2006 because it will expose
their sponsors. Just imagine, if, during the European holocaust, the
world had talked about passing laws to denounce the use of Jews in the
factories in Germany instead of denouncing and going in there to get rid
of Hitler and his killing machine.
Yeah,
as you wrote, "whatever it takes to raise the funding", that's what
Bill Clinton, your JP, and their likes are all about. And, whether the
Clooneys, the Mia Farrows, the Ryan Coslings, and their likes embrace
the Bill Clintons and your JP out of blind admiration or ignorance,
that's between them and the Almighty GOD (I, too, voted for Bill Clinton
twice, but I'd rather denounce him after I found out the Truth, than
end up as the Rich Man in Hell begging Lazarus for some H2O through
Abraham).
Now,
keep in mind that there are whites who, like Keith Harmon Snow, have
decided that WE ARE ALL HUMAN BEINGS AND GOD'S CREATION so, they will
denounce anyone, Black or white, who pussy-foot around instead of
denouncing and acting to rid the world of those funding, promoting,
committing, and apologizing for the GENOCIDE anywhere in the world like
that of the Africans in the Congo. Them we embrace and pray that the
Good Lord strengthen them and protect them. And, those like you, we pray
that either you be converted to the Truth or may the Great God deal
with you however he sees FIT.
Prof. Yaa-Lengi Ngemi, President of Congo Coalition and author of Genocide in the Congo.]
[18] Rebecca Hamilton, "Special Report: The Wonks Who Sold Washington on Sudan," Reuters, July 11, 2012.
[19] Eric Reeves, "Genocide's Victory," Op/Ed, Boston Globe, December 8, 2007.
[20] "Fascism
is only the organized political expression of the structure of the
average man's character. It is the basic emotional attitude of the
suppressed man of our authoritarian machine-civilization and its
mechanistic-mystical conception of life." Wilhem Reich, The Mass Psychology of Fascism (Die Massenpsychologie des Faschismus), 1933.
[21] Rebecca Hamilton, Fighting for Darfur: Public Action and the Struggle to Stop Genocide, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011: p. 139.
[21-a] Five
different perspectives on the ongoing crisis in the Darfur region
explore the ethical and political questions behind popular calls for
humanitarian intervention and regime change in Sudan. Panelists
include: Co-Director of the IAC in New York, Sara Flounders; Professor
of Anthropology, Dr. Elliot Fratkin; investigative journalist, Keith
Harmon Snow; researcher on war crimes, Dimitri Oram; and Associate
Professor of Anthropology, Enoch Page. This event on the crisis in
Darfur was held on July 6, 2006 at Smith College in Massachusetts.
Listen to the panel presentations reproduced on KPFA's Guns & Butter radio
show in two parts on August 16 & 23, 2006: Part one:
<http://www.kpfa.org/archive/id/22236>; part two:
<http://www.kpfa.org/archive/id/22351>.
[22] See, for example: keith harmon snow, "Oil in Darfur? Special Ops in Somalia? The New Old "Humanitarian" Warfare in Africa," February 1, 2007; and "Merchant's of Death: Exposing Corporate-Financed Holocaust in Africa,"Global Research, December 7, 2008.
[22] See, for example: keith harmon snow, "Oil in Darfur? Special Ops in Somalia? The New Old "Humanitarian" Warfare in Africa," February 1, 2007; and "Merchant's of Death: Exposing Corporate-Financed Holocaust in Africa,"Global Research, December 7, 2008.
[23] See, for example, the discussion of Nicholas Kristof's propaganda in: keith harmon snow, "Petroleum and Empire in North Africa: Muammar Gaddafi Accused of Genocide? NATO Invasion Underway,"ConciousBeingAlliance.com, March 3, 2011.
[24] Personal
communication, Rene Lemarchand, August 2, 2012. René Lemarchand is a
French political scientist who is known for his research on ethnic
conflict and genocide in Rwanda, Burundi and Darfur. He is a Professor
Emeritus at the University of Florida, and has worked as a USAID
consultant in Côte d'Ivoire (1992-1996) and Ghana (1997-1998).
[25] Roger Rosenblatt & Sebastio Salgado's story, "The Last Place on Earth," Vanity Fair, July 1993, was turned into a coffee table picture book published in December 1994.
[26] See, e.g., Ann Garrison, "South Sudan Independence? Really?" July 10, 2010; and Profile: Joseph C. Wilson,Africa Confidential, accessed December 11, 2010.
[27] Prendergast et al, Sudan: The Lost Boys: Child Soldiers and Unaccompanied Boys in Southern Sudan, Human Rights Watch, Vol. 6, No. 10, November 1994.
[28] Makau Mutua, Human Rights: A Political and Cultural Critique, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002.
[29] John Prendergast, Not On Our Watch: The Mission to End Genocide in Darfur and Beyond, Hyperion, 2007: p. 142-143.
[30] Director of U.S. Committee for Refugees to Present Lecture, Press Release, Smith College, March, 1999.
[31] Prior to Public Talk, Smith Professor to be Honored for Sudan Advocacy, Press Release, Smith College, October 16, 2000.
[32] While
warning the reader that Mahmood Mamdani's scholarship as regards Sudan
and the Great Lakes of Africa is compromised by his formerly close
relationship to Yoweri Museveni and Paul Kagame and the NRM during the
bush war (1980-1986) and years after (1986-1996), the reader can find an
excellent accounting of Dr. Eric Reeves' disinformation and
manipulation of mortality statistics in: Mahmood Mamdani, Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics & the War on Terror, Pantheon, 2009.
[33] AMERICA'S SUDAN POLICY: A NEW DIRECTION? JOINT
HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA AND SUBCOMMITTEE ON
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH
CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION, MARCH 28, 2001, Serial No. 107-8.
[34] "Sudan/Britain: On Her Majesty's Secret Service," Africa Confidential, January 2005.
[35] "Former U.S. Envoy Calls for Military Action Against Sudan," Sudan Tribune, June 16, 2011
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